Ergosterol Content and Protein Profile of Medicinal Mushroom | Anti-tumor and Anti-angiogenic Ergosterols from Ganoderma Mushroom
It is named for ergot,
a common name for the members of the fungal genus Claviceps from which 21 ergosterol
was first isolated. It is a component of yeast and fungal cell membranes,
serving the same function cholesterol serves in animal cells.
Like cholesterol and in
contrast to the plant sterols, it is synthesized via lanosterol as the key
intermediate.
It has been postulated
to be strongly associated with living cytoplasmic fungi in the soil. However,
ergosterol is not produced by all fungi and the ergosterol concentrations are
known to vary between the same species depending on the physiological state of
the fungus.
Ergosterol activates expression of a number of defense genes and increases the resistance of plants against the pathogens. Ergosterol is present in two forms, as free ergosterol and esterified ergosterol, and the relative abundances of free to esterified ergosterol are different among various species.
The ergosterol content
has been widely used as an estimate of fungal biomass in various environments because
a strong correlation has been found between ergosterol content and fungal dry
mass.
Ergosterol has been
detected in other Ganoderma species. The compound has been used to detect
fungal invasion in grain and a variety of other substrates.
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